Korsakoff's psychosis

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Definition

Noun: A form of dementia, specifically an amnestic disorder, most commonly observed as a consequence of severe, chronic alcoholism and thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency. Its core feature is a profound loss of memory for recent events while long-term memory often remains relatively intact.

Usage

This term is used in clinical, medical, and psychological contexts to describe a specific neurological syndrome. * The patient was diagnosed with Korsakoff's psychosis following years of alcohol dependency. * A key symptom of Korsakoff's psychosis is confabulation, where the patient fills memory gaps with fabricated stories. * Treatment for Korsakoff's psychosis involves immediate thiamine replacement and abstinence from alcohol.

Advanced Usage
  • The term is often linked with Wernicke's encephalopathy (an acute neurological condition), with the chronic phase referred to as Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome.
  • While "psychosis" is part of the name, the primary deficits are amnestic and cognitive rather than psychotic in the typical sense (e.g., hallucinations, delusions), though these can sometimes occur.
Variants and Related Words
  • Korsakoff's syndrome: A more modern and frequently used synonym.
  • Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome: The combined term for the acute (Wernicke's) and chronic (Korsakoff's) phases of the disorder.
  • Alcohol amnestic disorder: A descriptive clinical term.
  • Confabulation (noun): A common symptom where a person produces fabricated or distorted memories without the intent to deceive.
Synonyms
  • Korsakoff's syndrome
  • Alcohol-induced persisting amnestic disorder
Notes on Meaning

The definition focuses on the primary cause (chronic alcoholism/thiamine deficiency) and the core symptom (anterograde amnesia with preserved remote memory). It is a specific medical diagnosis, not a general term for memory loss.

Noun
  1. dementia observed during the last stages of severe chronic alcoholism; involves loss of memory for recent events although long term memory is intact